In 1999, in the summit region of Mount Llullaillaco, located on the border between Argentina and Chile, a shocking discovery attracted the attention of the international scientific community. Three children’s mummies were found in an almost perfect state of preservation, thanks to the extremely freezing conditions at an altitude of more than 6,700 meters above sea level.
These mummies, known as the “Children of Llullaillaco,” include a main girl of approximately 13 years old, another girl between 4 and 5 years old, and a boy of about 5 years old. Researchers believe that these children may have been selected as offerings in solemn ceremonies of the Incas, with the purpose of honoring sacred deities and ensuring an abundant harvest.
The discovery began when a team of archaeologists led by Johan Reinhard made an expedition to this region. It is one of the highest altitude areas that have been excavated in archaeological investigations. The mummies were found in a ceremonial sanctuary, where scientists also discovered important details such as ceramics, decorative objects and metal artifacts.
One of the elements that makes this discovery unique is the impressive state of conservation of the mummies. Thanks to the region’s frigid climate, hair, skin and even internal organs have remained intact until today. Initial DNA analyzes revealed that the children were raised in special families and prepared for the ritual from a very early age.
Several details in the artifacts found next to the mummies offer a deep insight into the sacrificial rituals of the Incas. Gold and silver objects, and plates with intricate engravings, were probably intended to honor the gods. In addition, a type of fermented beer was found that could have been used as an anesthetic in the ritual.
Early theories suggest that this sacrifice was performed as a sacred act to offer innocent children to the gods, in the hope of bringing peace and prosperity to the empire. However, questions about the exact role of these mummies and ceremonies continue to be a topic of intense debate in the academic community.
Scientists are developing a more comprehensive research plan, including detailed DNA analysis, biological and chemical studies to understand the diet and life of these children before sacrifice. Continued research could provide new data on the rich and advanced culture of the Inca civilization.
